Man Made Fibers

Synthetic Fiber : The fiber which is obtained by chemical synthesis, called synthetic fiber. Regenerated Fiber The fiber which is converted from natural polymer into synthetic polymer is called regenerated fiber. In other words, the fiber which is obtained by conversion of natural fiber by chemical process is called Regenerated Fibers. Sequence of 'Man Made' fiber production: Manufacture of the Fiber forming Polymer: All man made fibers are composed of long chain molecule known as polymer which are formed by chemical processing. The polymer manufacturing process is determining the factor for many basic characteristics, such as density, melting point, dyeing behavior, moisture absorption etc. Properties Required for fiber forming...

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How is a Cotton Fiber Made

The Cotton Polymers : The cotton polymer is a linear, cellulose polymer. The repeating unit in the cotton  polymer is cellubiose which consists of two glucose unit. The cotton polymer consists of about 5000 cellubiose units, that is its degree of polymerization. It is a very long linear polymer about 5000 nm in length and about 0.8 nm thick. The most important chemical grouping on the cotton polymers are the hydroxyl group or -OH group. There are also present as Methyle groups or -CH2OH.Shape Of a Cotton Polymer Arrangement of Polymers:When random----------Amorfaz (30-35)% When Parralal---------- Crystalline (65-70)% The polymer system of Cotton : Cotton is a crystalline polymer. Its polymer system is about 65 to 70% crystalline and...

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How to identify a Cotton Fiber

We can identify a cotton fiber by two ways. There are mainly these following ways. Besides this there are also lots of test. But I think this are the most popular among them. And these tests are followed by everywhere in the world. So I would like to discuss about the most popular testing system of Cotton fiber. Burn Test Chemical test 1. Burn Test : When ignited, it does not shrink from the flame and burns with a yellow flame while in it. It continuous to burn when the flame is removed and smell like burning paper. There is little grey ash residue. 2. Chemical Test with H2SO4 : This is one of the very important test i ever known. Because, in the buyer requirements it must be done before preparing the yarn. Its done by...

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Ginning, Lint, Linters

Ginning : The process of separating the seed from the cotton fiber is called ginning. Ginning is the old process and it is still continuing for the separation of cotton seeds from the fiber. Lint : Raw fibers, after ginning is called lint. Cotton fiber after separated from the seed is called lint. Linters : The short, fuzzy fubers still attached to the seed after ginning is called linte...

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Micro and Macro Structure of the Cotton Fiber.

 Micro Structure or Morphological Structure of Cotton Fiber The Cotton fiber is made up of a cuticle, primary cell wall, secondary cell wall and lumen.Here we are going to give you a short description of about how a cotton fiber is made physically. Description of the micro structure of a cotton fiber:Cuticle : Cuticle is the very outside of a cotton fiber. In one word it is called the skin of the fiber. The cuticle is a wax like film covering the outer wall of the cotton fiber. Its main objective is to prevent the wall from any destruction Primary Cell Wall : The primary cell wall which is immediately underneath the cuticle is about 200 nm thick. It is composed of very fine threads of cellulose, called fibrils. The fibrils spiral at about...

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Moisture Regain And Moisture Content

MOISTURE REGAIN : Moisture regain is defined as the percentage of water present in a textile material of oven dry weight. If weight of water = W Oven Dry Weight =D Moisture Regain =M.R So,  M.R= W/D * 100% Moisture content :M.C is defined as the Percentage of water present in a textile material of total weight. If , Weight of water =W over dry weight =D Moisture regain =MR Moisture Content =Mc So the M.C=W/W+D*100% Relation between moisture regain and moisture  Content . We know from moisture regain M.R=W/D*100 =) D=W/M.R*100.....................(1) Again from moisture content M.C=W/W+D*100 =100w/w+100w/M.R  =100W/W.MR+100w/M.R 100W*M.R/W(MR+100) So, M.C=100M.R/M.R+100 Again M.R=100M.C/100-...

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Textile Fiber and Its properties

Textile Fiber : A fiber or staple fiber is a unit of mater which is usually at least 100 times longer than it is thick.Usually fibers are several thousand times longer than they are thick. Most apparel fibers range in length from about 15 mm to 150 mm. Properties of Fiber : We saw three types of properties according to the fiber properties for a textile fiber. There are a lot of characteristic in the textile fibers. But it is characterized as three basic characterization. They are the Physical properties, Chemical properties and therefore the Mechanical properties of Textile fiber. 1. Physical Properties :Length ----------Staple  (15mm - 150 mm) Fineness ---------- Length : Width = 1000:1 Cross Sectional Shape Crimp Density 2. Mechanical...

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Textile and its Raw materials

Textile 1. A textile was originally a woven fabric but the terms textile and the plural textile are now also applied to fabric, filaments and yarns natural and manufactured and most product for which there are a principal raw materials. 2. Description of textiles as defined in above and of the raw materials, process machinery buildings, craft technology, personal used in and the organization and activities connected with their manufacture. Raw Materials The fundamental unit to make a product is called Raw Materials. Textile Raw Materials Textile Raw Materials are materials that can be converted into yarns and fabric of any nature or charact...

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HAND BOOK OF "TEXTILE PHYSICS"

 HAND BOOK                                 OF TEXTILE PHYSICS EIDIT BY SALAUDDIN FERDOUS & RAKIB HASAN Tensile properties of textile material 1.    Tenacity 2.    Breaking extension3.    Work of rupture4.    Initial modulus5.    Work factor6.    Work recovery7.    Elastic recovery8.    Yield stress9.    Yield strain10.Yield point11. Breaking load                       ...

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